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Mathematical Interlude - Complex Numbers
Complex numbers are numbers that can be expressed in the form
a
+
b
i
a + bi
a
+
b
i
, or
x
+
i
y
x + iy
x
+
i
y
, where a/x & b/y are
Real Numbers
and i is the
Imaginary Unit
, where
i
2
=
1
\large i^{2} = 1
i
2
=
1
.
While
b
b
b
is a real number,
b
i
bi
b
i
constitutes an imaginary value.
Referenced in
Chapter 1: Vector Spaces
The Principle Of Superposition
Ket vectors can be multiplied by complex numbers, and added together to give new ket vectors:
Mathematical Interlude - Complex Numbers