Physics Lournal

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Experiment One - The Cathode Ray Tube

The two ends of a battery are termed electrodes, with the positive end being the anode, and the negative end being the cathode.

A cathode ray tube consists of wires, ran from these electrodes, to conductive plates, with an aperture in the anode, beyond which is placed a phosphor coated screen, at the end of a vacuum tube, encasing the rest of the device, save for the conductive plates, with a controllable heating element attached to the cathode.

Within this experiment, we warm up the heating element, and when the cathode becomes hot enough, a bright circle, corresponding to the shape of the aperture, appears on the phospor screen.

If we turn down the heating element, eventually, we no longer get a spot, but a pattern of "dots" on the screen, appearing one at a time, with a signifcant distance between them, but tracing out the original region, over time.

These are our phenomena, and provide us our data, suggesting a few obvious ideas about what may be taking place inside the cathode ray tube, chiefly that the application of the heating element, is generating something, that is traveling through the aperture of the anode, and interacting with the phosphor on the screen, leaving a mark.

One test of this is to decrease the distance between the phosphor and the anode. The spot remains steady and brightens as the anode approaches it, indicating that something is being emitted by the cathode, and traveling through the anode.

The surprising behavior that we likely wouldn't have predicted is that when we turned the heat down, the image would become discrete, or grainy. This seems to indicate that whatever is coming through the anode is particle-like.