The conjugate transpose of a matrix combines the concept of a mathematical conjugate, and a transpose.
A conjugate is formed by changing the sign between two terms in a binomial, for instance:
x+y→x−y.
A transpose, or transposition of a matrix, flips a matrix over it's diagonal, from the top left, to the bottom right.
The conjugate transpose, also known as the Hermitian transpose, is the application of both of these concepts to matrices, that have complex (numeral) entries: